Australian archaeologists wishing to undertake research into Aboriginal history in New South Wales are required to consult with local Aboriginal communities and obtain permission to excavate before permits are granted by the government body. The Cuddie Springs Project is a case study of the Aboriginal community involvement in a major archaeological research project in western NSW. Local Aboriginal people have worked on the project in various capacities. Cuddie Springs is one example of Aboriginal involvement in archaeology where the needs of both parties have not been compromised in any significant way. There have been costs and gains for the Aboriginal community, researchers and their research. Neither party views this relationship as business-like; instead, the establishment and continual renewal of social commitments provides the foundation of successful collaboration. The participatory orientation of this project is tied up with the possibility of offering employment to Aboriginal people. The archaeological team obtained funding for employment and training of people on site during excavations, thus giving them the opportunity not only to experience what archaeology is about but also contribute directly to the process of inventigating culture and history.  The project also facilitated the interaction between Aborigical people and groups of undergraduate students visiting the site. In more recent years, however, it is becoming increasingly difficult to access funds for employing people on short-term projects.