The project aimed to detect how the past is perceived and conceptualized by students with learning and cognitive problems and how archaeologists and museum workers can transfer knowledge about the past to them in a more appropriate way. The general aim of the project was to create models of presenting the past and heritage which would be adjusted to the special needs of “people with intellectual disabilities”. The researchers involved in this project tried to find answers to the following questions: How do the participants understand the concept of the past? How do they reason about the past on the basis of various kinds of traces? And finally, does visiting heritage sites influence their understanding of the past, and if so, how?